DO English 06/07

Vocab Boost

Words you need to know at each English level

Advance your English with these words that you should know at each level, from B1 to C2.

B1 (Intermediate)

1. Environment:

   • The natural world, as a whole or in a particular geographical area, especially as affected by human activity.

   • "We must all work together to protect the environment from pollution."

2. Conversation:

   • A talk, especially an informal one, between two or more people, in which news and ideas are exchanged.

   • "I had a fascinating conversation with my neighbor about the history of our town."

3. Experience:

   • Practical contact with and observation of facts or events.

   • "Traveling to new countries is a great way to gain experience and learn about different cultures."

B2 (Upper-Intermediate)

1. Culture:

   • The ideas, customs, and social behavior of a particular people or society.

   • "Japanese culture places a high value on respect and tradition."

2. Development:

   • The process of developing or being developed, such as the process of growth, progress, or evolution.

   • "The rapid development of technology has changed the way we communicate."

3. Solution:

   • A means of solving a problem or dealing with a difficult situation.

   • "We need to find a sustainable solution to the issue of plastic waste."

C1 (Advanced)

1. Innovation:

   • The action or process of innovating; a new method, idea, product, etc.

   • "Innovation in renewable energy technologies is crucial for combating climate change."

2. Analysis:

   • Detailed examination of the elements or structure of something.

   • "The analysis of the data revealed some surprising trends."

3. Diversity:

   • The state of being diverse; variety, especially the inclusion of different types of people.

   • "The company values diversity and strives to create an inclusive workplace for all employees."

C2 (Proficiency)

1. Nuance:

   • A subtle difference in or shade of meaning, expression, or sound.

   • "The actor's performance was full of nuance, capturing the complexity of the character."

2. Ephemeral:

   • Lasting for a very short time.

   • "The beauty of the cherry blossoms is ephemeral, lasting only a few weeks each spring."

3. Conundrum:

   • A confusing and difficult problem or question.

   • "The ethical conundrum posed by artificial intelligence continues to challenge philosophers and scientists alike."

English Tip

How to write a formal email

Mastering the art of writing a formal email is crucial in professional settings. Here’s a concise guide to help you craft emails that are clear, respectful, and effective:

1. Subject Line: Begin with a clear and specific subject line that summarizes the purpose of your email. This helps the recipient understand the context at a glance.

2. Greeting: Address the recipient appropriately with a formal salutation. Use their title and last name if known (e.g., "Dear Mr. Smith,").

3. Introduction: Start your email with a brief introduction to establish who you are and why you are writing. For example, "I hope this message finds you well. My name is [Your Name], and I am contacting you regarding [purpose of your email]."

4. Body: Clearly state the purpose of your email in the body paragraphs. Provide necessary details or background information to support your request or inquiry. It's important to be concise yet thorough, ensuring the recipient understands your message clearly.

5. Professional Tone: Maintain a professional tone throughout your email. Avoid using slang, abbreviations, or informal language. Politeness goes a long way in establishing a respectful communication style.

6. Request Action: Clearly articulate what you expect the recipient to do or respond to. Whether it's scheduling a meeting, providing information, or making a decision, be specific in your request.

7. Closing: Conclude your email with a formal closing phrase, such as "Thank you for your attention to this matter," or "I look forward to your prompt response." Sign off with your full name.

8. Signature: Include your contact information (email address and phone number) in your email signature. This makes it convenient for the recipient to reach out to you if needed.

Remember, writing a formal email is not just about conveying information but also about portraying professionalism and respect. By following these guidelines, you can ensure your emails are effective and leave a positive impression on the recipient.

Native Phrase

‘Cost an arm and a leg’

Meaning: To be very expensive or costly.

"Buying a new car can cost an arm and a leg if you're not careful with your budget."